Psalms 148:10

"mountains and all hills, fruit trees and all cedars,"

Key Reflection

In Psalms 148:10, the psalmist calls upon a wide array of natural elements to praise God. The inclusion of "mountains and all hills, fruit trees and all cedars" would have resonated deeply with the original audience, as it encompasses both the grandeur of towering mountains and hills, symbolizing strength and stability, and the bounty of fruit trees and majestic cedar forests, which were abundant in the lands around Israel. These elements not only highlight God’s sovereignty over diverse landscapes but also evoke a sense of awe and reverence for his creation.

From the Scholars: Barnes' Notes

Beasts, and all cattle -Wild beasts and tame; those which roam the forest, and those which have been domesticated for the service of man. As fruitful trees and cedars might include all the trees, so the “beasts and cattle” here might include the whole of those that were wild and tamed. Creeping things, and flying fowl -Margin, as in Hebrew, Birds of wing. These are grouped together for a reason similar to that for which fruitful trees and cedars, and beasts and cattle, are grouped together, to embrace the whole. The expression embraces the loftiest and lowest; those which ascend farthest above the earth, and those which creep upon its surface.

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