Isaiah 1:4

Ah! sinful nation -The word rendered ‘ah!’ -הויhôy- is not a mere exclamation, expressing astonishment. It is rather an interjection denouncing threatening, or punishment. ‘Wo to the sinful nation.’ Vulgate, ‘Vae genti peccatrici.’ The corruption pertained to the nation, and not merely to a part. It had become general. Laden with iniquity -The word translated “laden” -כבדkebed- denotes properly anything “heavy,” or burdensome; fromכבדkâbad, “to be heavy.” It means that they were oppressed, and borne down with the “weight” of their sins. Thus we say, Sin sits “heavy” on the conscience. Thus Cain said, ‘My punishment is greater than I can bear;’Genesis 4:13.